Analysis of Microsoft Patch Tuesday updates - October 2025

Executive Summary

On Tuesday, 14.10.2025, Microsoft released its monthly security update fixing 175 vulnerabilities across its products.

By severity:

• Important - 158;
• Critical - 15;
• Moderate - 2.

Exploited (Zero-Days) and Publicly Disclosed Vulnerabilities

Special attention should be paid to the following 3 vulnerabilities. Patching them is the highest priority:

• CVE-2025-24052 (CVSS 7.8; Important) - Windows Agere Modem Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability (Elevation of Privilege).A vulnerability in the Agere modem driver that allows a local... and execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM-level privileges.
• CVE-2025-24990 (CVSS 7.8; Important) - Windows Agere Modem Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability (Elevation of Privilege). Another vulnerability in the Agere modem driver that allows a local... ultimately leading to code execution with SYSTEM privileges.
• CVE-2025-59230 (CVSS 7.8; Important) - Windows Remote Access Connection Manager Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability (Elevation of Privilege).A vulnerability in the Remote Access Connection Manager (RASMAN)... granting the attacker SYSTEM-level privileges.

General overview and trends

The October 2025 Patch Tuesday was one of the largest in recent... and clear prioritization. Key trends observed this month:

• Three vulnerabilities under close scrutiny: the key event this month... making exploitation in the near term highly likely.
• Overwhelming dominance of Elevation of Privilege (EoP) vulnerabilities: This month is marked by an unusually high number of Elevation of Privilege issues. Dozens of fixes affect the Windows kernel, numerous drivers (Agere Modem, Storport, NDIS), system services (RASMAN, Error Reporting Service, Authentication), and Azure components. This points to Microsoft’s broader focus on hardening internal security boundaries of the OS and cloud environments.
• Focus on cloud and AI product vulnerabilities: The release contains many critical vulnerabilities in Microsoft cloud services. Particular attention is paid to Azure Entra ID, Azure PlayFab, Azure Monitor, Azure Compute Gallery, as well as AI-based products such as M365 Copilot and Copilot. This highlights the growing complexity of these platforms and their attractiveness to attackers.
• High number of critical vulnerabilities: This month, 15 critical vulnerabilities were fixed. They affect a wide range of products, from server components such as WSUS and Redis Enterprise to client applications like Office and Excel, as well as the Windows graphics subsystem. This calls for a comprehensive approach to updating the entire infrastructure.

Full List of Vulnerabilities

Below is a table with all the vulnerabilities fixed this month.

Retrospective vulnerability analysis

*CVE-2025-53772 - IIS WebDeploy Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (Remote Co... data deserialization issue in the WebDeploy component for IIS services. A PoC was published on GitHub PoC for this vulnerability. An unauthenticated remote attacker... over the vulnerable system. The vulnerability was fixed in August 2025. *CVE-2025-53149 - Windows Kernel Streaming Thunk Driver Elevation of Privilege ... allows arbitrary code execution at kernel level, based on an article describing this vulnerability. The vulnerability was fixed in August 2025.

Conclusion

The October 2025 security update is critical... makes delaying patch deployment unacceptable. Priority should be given to the immediate installation of updates for the following vulnerabilities:

• Actively exploited CVE-2025-24990 (Windows Agere Modem Driv...025-59230 (Windows RASMAN, EoP) to stop ongoing attacks.
• Publicly disclosed CVE-2025-24052 (Windows Agere Modem Driver, EoP) to prevent its imminent exploitation.
• All 15 critical vulnerabilities, with particular emphasis on components ... system compromise or disclosure of critical information. It is recommended to prioritize updates for both workstations and servers, given the huge number of privilege-escalation vulnerabilities, which ... to expand an attack within the network. Timely patching this month is a key element of protection against real and immediate threats.